Conditional Statements or If and Switch
Conditinoal statements are statements in code that respond to conditions, or decisions.
An if statement is very similar to the english equivalent.
Example:
if (condition)
executed code if condition is true;
else
executed code if condition is false;
English equivalent:
if this condition is true, then do this, else if this condition is false, then do
this.
if (this condition is true)
do this;
else
do this;
if the code is lengthy for the response to each condition, then code brackets are
used to contain the code.
if (condition)
{
multiple code lines;
are executed;
}
else
{
multiple lines of;
code are executed;
}
The specific condition can undergo many types of condition tests. For:
equality, use ==
not equality, use !=
less than, use <
less than or equal to <=
greater than >
greater than or equal to >=
For multiple conditions must be tested, use the "and", or "or" to compare:
the and is specified as &&
the or is specified as ||
also, use () to create a precidence so the conditions are contained and are tested
in the correct order. if ((condition) && (condition)) ...
The switch statement is fery similar to the if statement, but you are able to hve
multiple conditions tested in a specific variable.
switch (variable)
{
case variable result :
do this;
set of;
code statements;
break;
case another variable result :
do this;
set of;
code statements;
break;
case another variable result :
do this;
set of;
code statements;
break;
default :
if no condition;
exists, run;
this code;
break;
}
Example:
switch (month)
{
case 1 :
monthString = "January";
break;
case 2 :
monthString = "February";
break;
...
default :
monthString = "not valid";
break;
}